The Ebola virus brings terrifying diseases to mind. Several authors have used the Ebola virus in their books or films. Just imagine people bleeding from their nose, eyes, and mouth simultaneously. Invariability, Ebola is a severe illness caused by a virus. It is highly infectious, fatal, and has a death rate of 90%, but it can be prevented easily. Also known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, it is transmitted through blood contact (like dirty needles) animal bites, touching a contaminated surface, and is mostly spread through bodily fluids such as saliva, mucus, vomit, feces, sweat, tears, urine, semen, and breast milk. When infected, symptoms of Zaire Ebolavirus include pain, chills, dehydration, fatigue, fever, malaise, sweating, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, hematemesis, headache, confusion, red spots and sore throat, organ failure and bleeding from eyes, ears, nose, and rectum. A disease is something that can cause the body to stop working correctly and is not the result of a physical injury. The Ebola virus is transmitted from animals and then to humans, so it is considered a zoonosis. The virus tends to hijack living, healthy cells, and use them to multiply and reproduce. During an outbreak, the people most at risk are health workers, family members in close contact with infected people and mourners during burial rituals.
Ebola hemorrhagic fever does not have a cure but does have vaccines and treatments. The U.S. Food and Drug Association only recently approved the Zaire Ebolavirus vaccine on December 19, 2019. The vaccine is currently only available in people over 18 and is called Ervebo. Recently, the Democratic Republic of Conga has launched a clinical trial for treatments. Currently, four significant drugs are used. Those who had one of the two more effective drugs had a higher chance of survival. The mortality rate for patients given REGN-EB3 was 29 per cent, and for patients given mAb114, it was 34 per cent. The other drugs, ZMapp, and Remdesivir had higher mortality rates.
Historically, all Ebola outbreaks originated from Africa. The countries it has come from are Sudan, Zaire, Gabon, Uganda, Republic of Congo, Liberia, Guinea, and Sierra Leone. Most cases originated from Congo, as it has had ten outbreaks in the past 40 years.
By far, the 2014 EBOV outbreak was the largest in history, infecting over 28,000 people and killed over 11,000. It started in Guinea and quickly spread abroad to Liberia, Sierra Leone, Nigeria, Mali, Senegal, Spain, Italy, the U.S., and the U.K. The graph below shows the spike of infections and the curve. It can be seen that the most substantial case incidence occurred in November 2014. Moreover, we can see clearly how long the outbreak lasted, beginning in 2013 and ending in 2016.
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